And while the benefits and opportunities presented by government rules and guidelines will vary from program to program, there are some that are universal.
Creating a framework which outlines clear responsibilities for performance encourages accountability and clarity as it gives you, your program delivery team and managers a way to be very clear on their responsibilities for monitoring and evaluating performance from the outset. Evaluation helps program managers measure how well their programs are really performing to achieve the desired outcomes.
This can confirm your suspicions that things could be improved or let the success of your program shine. By encouraging performance monitoring and evaluation within your organisation, including the creation of robust evaluation tools, you can create an environment focused on learning and the continuous improvement and success of your program.
By doing this you can identify what is working well and what needs to change at key points to ensure the ongoing relevance and performance of your program and make certain that you are well placed to respond to environmental or policy changes.
Evaluation enables program managers to seek genuine input and feedback from stakeholders. This helps you to understand what your stakeholders really think about your program and how it could be better tailored to meet their needs. Formative evaluations are used primarily to provide information for initiative improvement by examining the delivery of the initiative, its implementation, procedures, personnel, etc. Summative evaluations, in contrast, examine the initiative's outcomes and are used to provide information that will assist in making decisions regarding the initiative's adoption, continuation or expansion and can assist in judgments of the initiative's overall merit based on certain criteria.
Some more Comprehensive evaluations combine both process and outcome questions. Before a proper evaluation can take place it is often necessary to perform an evaluability assessment in order to assess the extent to which the initiative is ready to be evaluated and what type of evaluation would be most appropriate. The assessment aims to ascertain the needs, goals and objectives of the initiative and determine if a formal evaluation is warranted at this point in time or even whether the initiative is ready to be evaluated.
There are often several factors that prevent an initiative from being ready to be evaluated. An evaluability assessment will help bring these issues to light. The proper steps can then be taken so that a future evaluation becomes feasible. A more in-depth explanation and guide to completing an evaluability assessment can be found in the resource section at the end of this document.
The Policy on Evaluation requires that departments prepare annual or multi-year Departmental Evaluation Plans to identify priority evaluations and evaluation-related activities. A specific type of evaluability assessment process used to support departmental risk-based assessment of evaluation priorities is contained in the Guide to Developing a Risk-based Departmental Evaluation Plan. A Needs Assessment can be useful for determining whether a problem or need exists within a community, organization or target group and then describing that problem.
Recommendations can then be made for ways to reduce that problem. This process typically involves interviews and consultations with stakeholders as well as document reviews and research of relevant information.
A more in depth explanation and guide to completing a needs assessment can be found in the resource section at the end of this document. The existence of reliable data supporting a needs assessment is an important factor to justify major policy or program changes in departmental Cabinet submissions. Every initiative has a strategy or plan that dictates how it is intended to work. The initiative's theory states that if its plan is followed and implemented faithfully, then the intended outcomes will be achieved.
A process evaluation can be conducted at any point in the initiative's lifecycle and is used to assess whether and to what degree this plan was followed and the extent to which early outcomes are achieved.
Accurate and detailed information about the initiative and its activities and goals are a necessity in order to make the linkages between its various components and the achievement of outcomes. The results of a process evaluation can be used to make improvements to the initiative. This type of evaluation determines what changes, if any, occurred and if they are in line with the initiative's theory.
An important aspect of this assessment is determining whether those outcomes occurred due to the initiative itself impact or attribution , whether some change may have occurred without the program intervention deadweight or may have been achieved by other external factors? Training evaluation can help to define the training objectives more sharply, get rid of unnecessary training content, ensure that training methods meet the requirements of trainees, relate them to their training needs and reduce training costs.
Evaluation is part of the whole process of transformation that is education and training. It can ask whether the aims of the curriculum and the learning objectives have been achieved, what learning has taken place, and how. It can also ask what difference this has made to the learners and to their lives, their work and to their relationships to others.
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