This was before microwave popcorn. So we rigged up a popper with a pot and a tripod. This colonel came by—not a kernel, a colonel—and we thought he'd be mad.
He just said, "God damn! American soldiers can do anything! Lisa: I assume this was in an area where the noise wouldn't attract the enemy? Jay: Oh, yeah. It was in base camp. But even in camp, you had to be careful about making any noise that sounded like rifle fire. The milk we had in Vietnam was reconstituted. So I ordered three glasses of milk, and they only brought one at first. Suzy told them, "You might as well bring the other two, because he's going to be done with this before you can go and come back.
When I came home they had a homecoming party and I remember Grandpa Leonard asked me if I wanted pizza. I said, "Sure. He was so excited to have me home. Just remembering all this makes me think of the guys going through this right now in Iraq and Afghanistan.
Lisa: Thank you for sharing your memories, Uncle Jay. I'm so glad you made it home safely, and I wish the same for all the families of the troops overseas now. Lisa Bramen was a frequent contributor to Smithsonian. The effect of explosive RDX-C4 is very massive and can cause many causalities and fatalities among civilians and policemen. Samples were extracted and purified with magnetic beads chemistry and quantified. Low copy DNA extracts were subjected to a concentration step. Thus, it does not cause DNA inhibition or degradation.
From this point of view, we were successful in obtaining acceptable and fit results using advanced techniques. This study will be very useful and informative to assist the forensic community in terrorism case applications worldwide as terrorists do not respect geographical boundaries nor ethnicities of the victims, and the use of DNA profiling technology is the most suitable way to identify the terrorists and keep an end to their violence.
Chemically, it is classified as a nitramide and like HMX, an octogen [ 1 ]. It is often used in mixtures with other explosives and plasticizers or phlegmatizers desensitizers [ 3 ]. RDX is very stable at room temperature. It burns rather than explodes. It detonates only with a detonator, being unaffected even by small arm fire. Thus, it is considered one of the most energetic military explosives; and an explosion can only be initiated by a shock wave from a detonator [ 1 ].
RDX is the main component of Composition-4 C4 , which is a plastic explosive used in military operations. As RDX is the main component of C4, C4 has the explosive nature of RDX and has been utilized due to its malleable nature, which allows it to be molded into any desired shape and redirect the direction of the resulting explosion [ 4 ]. Terrorists-related crimes have increased over the past 15 years and have become the most common activity around the world besides theft and sexual assault cases [ 5 ].
In every year, terrorists have improved their tools and skills which emphasizes on the importance of having similar skill level of the law enforcements to reduce the challenges upon examining these types of cases. One of the terrorists involved activities is to plant remotely controlled explosive devices known as improvised explosive devices or IEDs in different areas to ensure maximum damage to the communities [ 6 ].
It can penetrate through metals and buildings. Terrorists do not respect geographical boundaries nor ethnicities of the victims, and the uses of DNA profiling technology are the most suitable way to identify the terrorists and keep an end to their violence.
The use of DNA in a criminal investigation such as an incident involving a remotely detonated IED may provide a strong association between a terrorist and the materials used to construct or detonate the device [ 7 ]. As the suspected person comes into direct contact with the IEDs in terms of manufacturing, assembly, deploying and transportation.
Thus, it is more likely that the wanted person s will be identified using touch DNA from different components of the IEDs [ 7 ]. We have proposed a methodology known as forensic DNA intelligence to identify the prepositions of hidden DNA from different parts of the IEDs such as the tapes, wires, batteries, phones, devices, as well as different solid parts [ 8 ]. Many terrorism cases have shown the presence of RDX-C4 in samples such as real IEDs, bombs, pipes, and some packed in bags or wrapped in adhesive film in warehouses.
The estimated number of RDX-C4 cases in Bahrain ranged in between the years — May with a total quantity of This dangerously large quantity of RDX-C4 can cause major disaster to the infrastructure and human casualties which we emphasize on the crucial need to continuously re-evaluate standard operating protocols with empirical studies for such type of cases. These samples were seized and found within hidden warehouses and some roads, ready to be deployed. All samples were made safe by the Special Force Team by separating the parts of the IEDs and signing the consent that the samples are safe to send to the Forensic Lab.
Different collection methods were applied, such as tape lifts, nylons flocked swabs, and direct cutting of small pieces of sample. C4 can be pressed into gaps, cracks, holes and voids in buildings, bridges, equipment or machinery. Similarly, it can easily be inserted into empty shaped charge cases of the type used by military engineers. C4 is very stable and insensitive to most physical shocks. C4 cannot be detonated by a gunshot or by dropping it onto a hard surface.
It does not explode when set on fire [3] or exposed to microwave radiation. When ignited with a flame rather than detonated with a primary explosive, C4 just burns, so American soldiers during the Vietnam War era would sometimes use small amounts of it as a fuel for heating rations. Although the ruse might work with an inexperienced commander, experienced officers were usually aware of the trick.
The British military uses a very similar plastic explosive known as PE4. Video Shock and Awe. Related Topics Air Force Topics. Related Videos. The moment was caught on camera at a police department in Maine, United States. My Profile News Home Page.
0コメント